Ammonia NH3 cracker, hydrogen generator for the generation of hydrogen H2, forming gas H2/N2
	Koyo Thermo Systems Co., Ltd. is represented in Europe by Crystec Technology Trading GmbH
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Ammonia Cracker for the Generation of Forming Gas.

It is well known that hydrogen is indispensable for the bright hardening of many kinds of metals. But, viewed from the standpoint of economy and safety hydrogen gas is by no means an advantageous atmosphere. Dissociated ammonia atmosphere or "forming gas" is the only furnace atmosphere that can make up the demerits of hydrogen and function nearly 100% as if it were hydrogen gas. There are cases where forming gas cannot replace pure hydrogen, but such cases are very rare. For almost all applications involved, dissociated ammonia atmosphere will answer the purpose.

The Koyo Thermo Systems ammonia cracker, NH₃-Cracker or hydrogen generator is used for the production of forming gas. Hydrogen and Nitrogen are generated in a cost effective way in a volume ratio of 3 : 1 or in a weight ratio of 14 : 3. Capacities from 5m³/h to 60m³/h are available.

The NH3 is coming from bottles or from an ammonia tank. The ammonia gas is pre-heated in a heat exchanger and vaporizer and then cracked in the main furnace unit. The furnace is electrically heated by special LGO heating elements.

The dissociation of ammonia gas NH₃ takes place at a temperature of 920°C in the presence of a special nickel catalyst in an electrically heated furnace.
2 NH₃  N₂ + 3 H₂
The cracked gas then passes the heat exchanger for cooling and for pre-heating the incoming gas. This way and in combination with the low power consuming LGO heating elements, it can be made sure that only a minimum of electricity has to be used for the cracking process.

AM Gas Generator. Features: Light thermal mass heater: Comparing to conservative type brick furnace, there is lots of reduction in heat-up time, power consumption, foot print. Stable gas generation: Tube type retort integrated in round electrical heater can generate cracking gas stable. Safety feature: Excess temperature protection, over pressure, thermocouple burnt alarm, etc can maintain the system safe. Save foot print, easy operation: Operation switch install on front panel. Insulator got thinner and can realize less foot print.

As a result of complete dissociation into hydrogen and nitrogen, very little undissociated ammonia remains and the dew point temperature of the resulting gas is very low (well below -30°C).

Gas Purifier

As an option and in order to reduce the dew point of the generated forming gas further, a special forming gas purifier is available from Koyo Thermo Systems. Using molecular sieve technology, the dew point of the generated gas can be reduced to less than -65°C. Two adsorber units are working in parallel, one for adsorbing moisture and un-cracked ammonia from the forming gas and the other one is heated for regeneration. Every 6 h the gas flow is changed automatically.

Applications for dissociated ammonia

The forming gas is used in conveyer furnaces and in tube furnaces for anneal processes in a reducing atmosphere, brazing, sintering, deoxidation, and nitrization. You will find more details about these furnaces in our Koyo Thermo Systems product overview.

Brazing Sintering Deoxidization Nitrization

Metal anneal: Stainless steel wire anneal Metal powder anneal Bimetal products anneal

Hydrogenation of organic compounds Galvanization Production of Forming Gas

Gas Properties

Description	Ammonia NH3	Hydrogen H2	Nitrogen N2
Molecular Weight	17,03	2,0158	28,0134
Boiling Point (BP) in °C	-33,35	-252,87	-195,8
Liquid Density at BP in kg/m3	682,1	70,0	804,0
Vapor Density at BP in kg/m3	0,8906	1,329	4,613
Density at RT in kg/m3	0,7710	0,0899	1,2506
Heat of Vaporization in kJ/kg	1368,2	451,9	199,2
Solubility in cold water in g/100ml	89,9	-	-
Cp in kJ/kg (1 atm, RT)	2,188	14,2	1,038
Cp/Cv (1 atm, RT)	1,31	1,41	1,40

AM Product types

MODEL	Generation capacity (m3/h H2/N2)	Ammonia consumption (m3/h NH3)	Power requirement (kW at 220V)	Dimension W X D X H (mm)
AM- 5MT	5	2,5	11	1400 X 840 X 1750
AM- 10MT	10	5	16.5	1450 X 840 X 2150
AM- 15MT	15	7,5	18	1450 X 900 X 2700
AM- 20MT	20	10	26	1650 X 900 X 2500
AM- 30MT	30	15	28.5	1650 X 900 X 2700
AM- 40MT	40	20	52	2500 X 1000 X 2500
AM- 60MT	60	30	59.5	2800 X 1000 X 2900

For the production of larger amounts of forming gas, several units can be installed in parallel.

Koyo Thermo Systems and Crystec will be pleased to engineer a cost effective system to satisfy your most demanding and exacting requirements.

Crystec Technology Trading GmbH will be pleased to further discuss details with you.
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